|
|
1# 发布时间:2010-06-04 18:29:07
『ENoOK.CN在线语法』代词的使用技巧(上)
代词的使用技巧(上)
今日语法:代词的使用技巧(上)
为使表达简洁明了,我们常用it, one, ones, that, those等代词来替代前面已经出现的名词。从近几年的考英语情况来看,考查代词的用法和区别一直是考英语的一个热点。本文拟就以上几个最重要的替代词的用法作一小结,同时为同学们归纳一些使用技巧,希望对大家有所帮助。
(一)、替代表泛指的单数名词
替代表泛指的单数名词,通常用one。 如:
Two heads are better than one. 两人智慧胜一人。
I lost my old camera; this is a new one. 我的旧相机丢了,这是一架新的。
Did you get a ticket? 你搞到票了吗?
—Yes, I managed to get one. —是的,我设法搞到了一张。
注:若one前没有形容词的修饰,则其前不能有不定冠词。比较:
I’m looking for a flat. I’d like a small one with a garden. 我正在找一套公寓,想找一套小的带花园的。
I’m looking for a flat. I’d like one with a garden. 我正在找一套公寓,想找一套带花园的。(不能说:... a one with a garden.)
①. 没有形容词修饰one前不能用不定冠词,但可用another。 如:
This pen doesn’t work. I must buy another one. 这支钢笔坏了,我要另买一支了。
②. 注意它与表特指的it的区别。 如:
Can you lend me a pen?—Sorry. I haven’t got one. 你能借给我一支钢笔吗?——对不起,我没有钢笔。
Can I borrow your pen?—Sorry, I’m using it. 我能借你的钢笔吗?——对不起,我自己正在用。
(二)、替代表特指的单数名词
替代表特指的单数名词,可用it, that, the one。三者的区别是:
①. 替代单数可数名词时,三者均可用;替代不可数名词时,不能用the one,而要用it或that。
此时it与that的区别是:表示同一事物时,用it;表示同类事物时,用that或the one。 如:
The weather here is too cold. I don’t like it. 这儿的天气太冷了,我不喜欢这儿的天气。(it在此就指前面提到的the weather)
The weather of Beijing is colder than that of Guangzhou. 北京的天气比广州冷。(that在此指代的天气与前面提到的天气为同类)
My uncle bought me a dictionary and I like it very much. 我叔叔给我买了一本词典,我非常喜欢它。(it在此就是指前面提到的叔叔给我买的词典)
Your dictionary is more useful than the one my uncle gave me. 你这本词典比我叔叔给我的那本词典更有用。(the one在此表示与前面提到的词典为同类)
②. 替代事物时,三者均可用;替代人时,只能用the one。 如:
Who is her husband?—The one by the window. 哪位是她的丈夫?——窗户边的那一位。
注:当要替代性别不明的婴儿时可用it。
③. 当有前置定语修饰时,只能用the one。 如:
Which do you want?—The red one. 你想要哪个?——那个红的。
She would rather have the small one than the large one. 她宁愿要小的,不要大的。
④. 当有后置定语修饰时,通常用the one。 如:
My room is better than the one next door. 我的房间比隔壁房间好。
He said he would have the one near him. 他 说他要靠近他的那一个。
Is that the one that was published recently? 是最近出版的那一种吗?
Here are six rings. Pick out the one you like best. 这里有六枚戒指,选出你最喜欢的一枚。
但是,若后置定语为of引起的介词短语,则通常用that。 如:
The population of China is much larger than that of Japan. 中国人口比日本人口多得多。
A grandparent’s job is easier than that of a parent. 祖父母的任务比父母的任务要轻松一些。
(三)、替代表泛指的复数名词
替代表泛指的复数名词,通常用ones。 如:
Hard beds are healthier than soft ones. 硬板床比软床有利于健康。
Green apples often taste better than red ones. 青苹果往往比红苹果好吃。
Practice today:
Choose the best answer for each of the following sentences
(1). He has two children, and both of _____ are abroad.( them / whom )
(2). He has two children, both of _____ are abroad.( whom / which )
|